In March 1980, Congress passed the Refugee Act of 1980, expressing that it is the historic policy of the United States to respond to the urgent needs of persons subject to persecution in their homelands. The Act laid out the procedures for the admission of refugees into the United States and how the US would fulfill its obligations as a signatory of the United Nations Refugee Protocol. C. the Lend-Lease Act C) the prohibition of dictatorships like the Soviet Union. After the United States entered World War II, President Lyndon Johnson signed the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 (known as the Hart-Celler Act), which eliminated the national origins quotas that for 40 years had seriously limited the ability of immigrants from southern and eastern Europe, Africa, and Asia, to obtain US immigration visas. D. less expansion, What were Japan's two mistakes in Pearl Harbor? We expect to eliminate the danger from Japan, but it would serve us ill if we accomplished that and found that the rest of the world was dominated by Hitler and Mussolini. Why is Frank hopeful that the Nazi reign will end? A combination of presidential directives and congressional legislation aided other specific groups of refugees. The legislation never made it out of committee for a vote. This was the first time refugees gained distinct legal status under international law. Savage fighting and heavy American casualties occurred in the battles on Iwo Jima and Okinawa. The United States did not sign the 1951 Refugee Convention. D. Before the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941, however, Americans were seriously divided over what the role of the United States in the war should be, or if it should even have a role at all. B. The International Refugee Organization (IRO), a temporary specialized agency of the newly established United Nations, was created in December 1946 to replace the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) and the Intergovernmental Committee on Refugees (IGC), which had originally been created during the Evian Conference in 1938. "We were forced by the government to move from California because they feared we might be capable of sabotage or espionage. "We were informed that our corporation would remain subject to antitrust regulations." The United States, a signatory along with54 other nations, supplied 40% of the IROs administrative expenses and 46% of its operational expenses, and the IROs Director-General was always an American citizen. The relationship between the Allies was complicated by Its involvement culminated in using newly American invented nuclear weapons on Hiroshima and Nagasaki to defeat Imperial Japan in the Pacific War. The new immigration law reserved 6% of each years visas for people who were fleeing persecution in communist areas or the Middle East, or had escaped after a natural disaster. "I was outraged when the government nationalized my business and forced us to produce war material." During the course of these interviews, Library interviewers advised some interviewees that the interviews would not be broadcast. It would allow the Allies to gain control of the precious oil fields in the Middle East. The 1967 United Nations Refugee Protocol expanded the 1951 Refugee Convention, which had originally limited the definition of refugee to people who had been displaced in Europe prior to 1951. He feared it would leave Britain vulnerable to a deadly German counter-offensive. A second series of interviews, called "Dear Mr. President," was recorded in January and February 1942. The origins of the policy may be traced back to the 1938 decision by the US to permit weapons sales to Great Britain and France on a "cash and carry" basis. The IRO also operated the International Tracing Service whose purpose was to help survivors find their families and learn the fate of loved ones. Positive c.) In exchange, refugees must abide by the laws and regulations of the country of asylum. Other countries fared worse: Poland, with a prewar Jewish population of 3.5 million, had a quota of 6,524, and Romania, with a Jewish population of nearly a million, had a quota of 377. This request resulted in approximately four and one half hours of recordings that were used to create a fifteen-minute radio program for the Mutual Broadcasting System. Building on the economic base left after the war, American society became more affluent in the postwar years than most Americans could have imagined in their wildest dreams before or during the war. The entry of the United States into World War II caused vast changes in virtually every aspect of American life. d) Americans experienced a series of military losses. B) provide the "Final Solution to the Jewish Question." . B. Interventionists finally agreed with the isolationist position. D) the ratification of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. A) Spanish Civil War and World War II As a result, the quota for the British Isles rose from 34,007 to 65,721, while the quota for Germany fell significantly, from 51,227 to 25,957. Why were Hiroshima and Nagasaki chosen as the targets for nuclear attacks? ", Choose the statement that describes an economic consequence of the United States as an "arsenal of democracy." In the decades between World War I and the attack on Pearl Harbor, tensions between Japan and the United States were primarily caused by Japanese attack Pearl Harbor on the island of Oahu, Hawaii, a territory of the US. In 1951, the United Nations adopted the Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, which has been signed by 145 nations. The United States entered World War II after the Japanese attack on _____. C) Germany's attention was diverted from the war in the Pacific. Why were Japanese Americans interned during World War II? the Japanese were not expecting a U.S. offensive there. C. Many Americans favored a strong interventionist foreign policy regarding the situation in Europe and Asia. The 1924 law capped quota immigration at 164,667 people per year. After the Day of Infamy: "Man-on-the-Street" Interviews Following the Attack on Pearl Harbor presents approximately twelve hours of opinions recorded in the days and months following the bombing of Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, from more than two hundred individuals in cities and towns across the United States. The Second War Powers Act of 1942 (56 Stat. A second set of recordings, in which the interviewees were asked to address their thoughts and opinions on the attack and the declaration of war directly to President Franklin D. Roosevelt, was made under the auspices of the Office of Emergency Management in January and February 1942. C. the brutal nature of the war in the Pacific. A. "Despite wartime mobilization, we continued to feel the negative effects of the Great Depression. C) restricted the number of countries that accepted Jewish refugees. D. demonstrate their support for Germany and Italy. B. (Later on, they would see them as a potential national security risk.) He warned that there were "hard and bitter days ahead," but pledged that the United States and its allies would "have Ukraine's back" as the war . Alan Lomax was serving as folklore consultant for the project when he sent the December 8, 1941 telegram, asking fieldworkers to collect "man-on-the-street" reactions. He said, in part: The course that Japan has followed for the past ten years in Asia has paralleled the course of Hitler and Mussolini in Europe and in Africa. It could no longer defend the mainland. After the United States entered World War II Congress acted to provide for the expedited naturalization of noncitizens serving honorably in the U.S. Armed Forces. They needed to wrest control of the Suez Canal and the oilfields in the Middle East from Italy first. They mobilized all their armored divisions in Italy for a supposed invasion there. D. universal education. D. supreme. designated certain areas as war zones. Millions of men and women entered military service and saw parts of the world they would likely never have seen otherwise. C. Lend-lease was the term popularly given to the US policy of extending material aid to the Allies before and after the United States entered World War II. The United States Enters World War II. A. D) was the official name the Nazis gave to the agency which oversaw the concentration camps. Japanese Americans were allowed to serve in the military. Following World War I, the United States hoped to avoid further entanglement with European politics that had drawn us into war. b.) In the next 20 years, the Cold War spawned many tensions between the two superpowers abroad and fears of Communist subversion gripped domestic politics at home. "The U.S. manufacturing sector produced less than the Axis powers did." A.It stated the United States would only accept an unconditional surrender of Germany. C) not have to listen to unfavorable views. With the help of American troops, the Allies were able to push back Germany in Europe by 1944 and the United States ended World War II in August of 1945 with the atomic bombing of Japan. a.) The _____ was a turning point in the war between the United States and Japan and first demonstrated the success of the island-hopping strategy. On December 8, Joseph Goebbels described Adolf Hitler as exceptionally happy when he learned the news. D) 290,000 people. B. through the sale of coupon books for consumer goods The Tuskegee Airmen were To show unity among world powers What event led to the House and Senate voting to declare war? A. World War II, also called Second World War, conflict that involved virtually every part of the world during the years 1939-45. D. Aggressive, What was the effect of this reaction on the aggressors? After World War II, thousands of Nazis became informants in the Cold War against the Soviet Union and then got entry into the U.S. Eric Lichtblau's new book, The Nazi Next Door, tells the story. On April 30, 1945, Adolf Hitler C. How did the United States government and American people respond to Nazism? a.) A) less than 5 years A. B. B) the prosecution of Nazi war criminals in the Nuremberg Trials a.) Select an argument used in favor of U.S. involvement in World War II. "The government issued a defense contract with our company, but we were not guaranteed a profit." After World War II, the American people continued to oppose increased immigration. Three years after the end of the war, there were still a substantial number of displaced persons in Europe. The United Nations succeeded where the League of Nations failed largely due to A. individual liberties Choose the statement that best describes a reason President Truman decided to drop atomic bombs on Japan. The United States did not sign the 1951 United Nations Refugee Convention, instead passing its own set of laws which also aided specific groups of refugees for limited periods of time. A. WARSAW, Poland (AP) President Joe Biden, returning on Tuesday to the Polish castle where he spoke shortly after the Russian invasion of Ukraine last year, said the war had hardened Western resolve to defend democracy around the globe. Ships that arrived at 11 p.m. on August 31, for instance, could be fined for bringing passengers from countries where the quota had already been filled; one hour later, on September 1, the passengers could enter under newly opened quota slots. d.) b.) Did not destroy all aircraft carriers/ did not declare war d.) It relied too heavily on air support. Without any significant factual evidence, the government perceived Japanese Americans as being a threat to national security. Before a Joint Session of Congress on December 8, 1941, President Franklin D. Roosevelt called the attack "a date which will live in . Place the events related to World War II in the correct sequence, following the signing of a mutual defense treaty by Japan and Germany. He motivated Americans and established agencies to direct mobilization. Usually there was bipartisan support for most US foreign policy initiatives. 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